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Python If … Else
Python Conditions and If statements
Python supports the usual logical conditions from mathematics:
Nội dung chính
- Python If … Else
- Python Conditions and If statements
- Indentation
- Short Hand If
- Short Hand If … Else
- The pass Statement
- How do you write an if statement in Python?
- How do if statements work in Python?
- How do you start an if statement?
- What is == in Python?
- Equals: a == b
- Not Equals: a != b
- Less than: a < b
- Less than or equal to: a <= b
- Greater than: a > b
- Greater than or equal to: a >= b
These conditions can be used in several
ways, most commonly in “if statements” and loops.
An “if statement” is written by using the if keyword.
Example
If statement:
a = 33
b = 200
if b > a:
print(“b is greater than a”)
Try it Yourself »
In this example we use two variables, a and b, which are used as part of the if statement to
test whether b is greater than a. As a is 33, and b is 200, we know that 200 is greater than 33, and so we print to screen that “b is greater than a”.
Indentation
Python relies on indentation (whitespace the beginning of a line) to define scope in the code. Other programming languages often use curly-brackets for this purpose.
Example
If statement, without indentation (will raise an
error):
a = 33
b = 200
if b > a:
print(“b is greater than a”) # you will get an error
Try it Yourself »
Elif
The elif keyword is pythons way of saying “if the previous conditions were not true, then try this condition”.
Example
a = 33
b = 33
if b > a:
print(“b is greater than a”)
elif a == b:
print(“a and b are equal”)
Try it Yourself »
In this example a is equal to b, so the first condition is not true, but the elif condition is true, so we print to screen that “a and b are equal”.
Else
The else keyword catches anything which isn’t caught by the preceding conditions.
Example
a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
print(“b is greater than a”)
elif a == b:
print(“a and b are equal”)
else:
print(“a is greater than b”)
Try it Yourself »
In this example a is greater than b, so the first condition is not true, also the elif condition is not true, so we
go to the else condition and print to screen that “a is greater than b”.
You can also have an else without the elif:
Example
a = 200
b = 33
if b > a:
print(“b is greater than a”)
else:
print(“b is not greater than a”)
Try it Yourself »
Short Hand If
If you have only one statement
to execute, you can put it on the same line as the if statement.
Example
One line if statement:
if a > b: print(“a is greater than b”)
Try it Yourself »
Short Hand If … Else
If you have only one statement to execute, one for if, and one for else, you can put it all on the same line:
Example
One line if else
statement:
a = 2
b = 330
print(“A”) if a > b else print(“B”)
Try it Yourself »
This technique is known as Ternary Operators, or Conditional Expressions.
You can also have multiple else statements on the same line:
Example
One line if else statement, with 3 conditions:
a = 330
b =
330
print(“A”) if a > b else print(“=”) if a == b else print(“B”)
Try it Yourself »
And
The and keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine conditional statements:
Example
Test if a is greater than b, AND if c is greater than a:
a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b and c
> a:
print(“Both conditions are True”)
Try it Yourself »
Or
The or keyword is a logical operator, and is used to combine conditional statements:
Example
Test if a is greater than b, OR if a is greater than c:
a = 200
b = 33
c = 500
if a > b or a > c:
print(“At least
one of the conditions is True”)
Try it Yourself »
Nested If
You can have if statements inside if statements, this is called nested if statements.
Example
x = 41
if x > 10:
print(“Above ten,”)
if x > 20:
print(“and also above 20!”)
else:
print(“but not above 20.”)
Try it Yourself »
The pass Statement
if statements cannot be empty, but if you for some reason have an if statement with no content, put in the pass statement to avoid getting an error.
How do you write an if statement in Python?
An “if statement” is written by using the if keyword.. Equals: a == b.. Not Equals: a != b.. Less than: a < b.. Less than or equal to: a <= b.. Greater than: a > b.. Greater than or equal to: a >= b..
How do if statements work in Python?
Python if statement evaluates a boolean expression to true or false, if the condition is true then the statement inside the if block will be executed in case if the condition is false then the statement present inside the else block will be executed only if you have written the else block otherwise it will do nothing.
How do you start an if statement?
So an IF statement can have two results. The first result is if your comparison is True, the second if your comparison is False. For example, =IF(C2=”Yes”,1,2) says IF(C2 = Yes, then return a 1, otherwise return a 2).
What is == in Python?
The == operator compares the value or equality of two objects, whereas the Python is operator checks whether two variables point to the same object in memory. In the vast majority of cases, this means you should use the equality operators == and != , except when you’re comparing to None .
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